MOTIVACIJA I EMPATIJA KAO KORELATI POMAGAČKOG PONAŠANJA TOKOM POPLAVA U SRBIJI 2014. GODINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19090/pp.2015.3.227-244Ključne reči:
pomagačko ponašanje, motivacija, empatija, poplave, funkcionalna teorija motiva, empatski paradoksApstrakt
Pomagačko ponašanje spada u prosocijalne oblike ponašanja, a istraživači se najviše interesuju za pokretačke snage pomagačkog ponašanja. Ovo istraživanje se bavi pomagačkim ponašanjem tokom perioda poplava maja 2014. godine u Srbiji, i motivacijom i empatijom kao prediktorima stepena pomaganja. Uzorak se sastojao od 204 osobe koje su pomagale tokom perioda poplava (61.3% ženskog pola), prosečne starosti 29.7 godina. Tokom juna, jula i avgusta, ispitanici su popunjavali Upitnik o načinima i stepenu pomaganja tokom poplava, modifikovan Inventar volonterskih funkcija za procenu motivacije za pomaganje i Upitnik procene spremnosti za empatiju. Polazeći od teorije funkcionalne motivacije, koja izdvaja šest motiva za pomaganje, sprovedena je univarijantna analiza kovarijanse, u kojoj su šest motiva i četiri aspekta empatije bili kontinuirani prediktori i pol kao kategorijalni prediktor stepena pomaganja. Rezultati pokazuju da ovakav prediktivni model objašnjava 30% varijanse pomagačkog ponašanja, a da se kao značajni prediktori ističu motiv Razumevanje i Socijalni motiv, kao i Empatija sa negativnim emocionalnim stanjima. Motivacija osobe da kroz pomaganje upozna svet i svoje sposobnosti, bolje razume ljude i osnaži svoje socijalne interakcije ukazuje na postojanje egoistične, ali i altruističke motivacije tokom perioda poplava u Srbiji. Prilikom ove krizne situacije pokazalo se da relevantnu ulogu ima i empatski paradoks, gde osobe koje imaju viši stepen empatije sa negativnim emocijama osoba u distresu u manjoj meri pomažu usled prevelikog intenziteta empatijske uznemirenosti. Ovi rezultati ukazuju na postojanje i istovremeno delovanje većeg broja motiva, kao i na ulogu empatije u pomaganju. Praktične implikacije nalaza odnose se na mogućnost selekcije pomagača u vreme kriznih situacija.Metrics
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