OCCUPATIONAL STRESS IN HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19090/pp.2020.3.349-370Keywords:
health professionals, primary health care, professional stressAbstract
This research was conducted to determine the level of occupational stress on a sample of 220 health workers who attended accredited courses "Good communication with patients" which were held in 2018 and 2019 in Novi Sad, Kragujevac, Nis, and Belgrade. Over 70% of the surveyed health workers were from the primary level of health care (primary health centers and smaller out-patient clinics within larger health centers). Upon completion of the course, in addition to completing evaluations and knowledge tests, participants were asked to fill in the scale of professional stress anonymously with main in order to assess the level of occupational stress on the examined sample of health workers. The results showed that the level of occupational stress for the entire sample (M = 64.40; SD = 12.43) was moderate. The only significant difference obtained concerned the gender, more accurately, indicators showed that female health professionals had a higher level of stress compared to male ones. The expected assumptions relating to the existence of a difference in the level of occupational stress according to marital status, age, length of service, and position were not obtained. Perception of stress levels in a sample of health professionals is important for organizing thematic education, courses and preventive work in order to identify and prevent the harmful effects of occupational stress on the mental and physical health of medical staff.
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References
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Čabarkapa, M. i Đurišić–Bojanović, M. (2014). Psihosocijalni izvori stresa u globalno promenjenom radnom okruženju i zahtevi za promenama u sistemu obrazovanja. U Dimitrijević, B. (Ur.), Savremene paradigme u nauci i naučnoj fantastici (str. 48–62). Univerzitet u Nišu, Filozofski fakultet.
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Carta, M. G., Preti, A., Portoghese, I., Pisanu, E., Moro, D., Pintus, M., Pintus, E., Perra, A., D'Oca, S., Atzeni, M., Campagna, M., Pascolo, E. F., Sancassiani, F., Finco, G., D'Aloja, E., & Grassi, L. (2017). Risk for Depression, Burnout and Low Quality of Life Among Personnel of a University Hospital in Italy is a Consequence of the Impact One Economic Crisis in the Welfare System? Clinical Practice and Epidemiology Mental Health, 13, 156–167. https://doi.org/10.2174/1745017901713010156.
Cathebras, P., Begon, A., Laporte, S., Bois, C., & Truchot, D. (2004). Burnout among French general practitioners. La Presse Medicale, 18, 1569–1574. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0755–4982(04)98994–4
Cavalheiro, A.M., Junior, D. M. & Lopes, A.C. (2008). Stress in nurses working in intensive care units. Revista Latino–Americana de Enfermagem, 16(1), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104–11692008000100005
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24, 385–396. https://doi.org/10.2307/2136404
Cooper, C. L., Cooper, R. D., & Eaker, L. H. (1988). Living with stress. Penguin Book.
Dušak, M. (2012). Procjena emocionalne kompetencije i razine stresa kod medicinskih sestara u jedinici intenzivnog liječenja. Hrvatski časopis za javno zdravstvo, 8(31), 72–83.
Ekić, S., Primorac, A. i Vučić, B. (2016). Profesionalni stres kod medicinskih sestara i tehničara. Journal of Applied Health Sciences, 2(1), 39–46. https://doi.org/10.24141/1/2/1/5
Embracio, N., Papazian, L., Kenetish–Barnes, N., Pochard, F., & Azoulay, E. (2007). Burnout syndrome among critical care healthcare workers. Current Opinion in Critical Care, 13, 482– 488. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCC.0b013e3282efd28a
Eriksen, W., Tambs, K., & Knardahl, S. (2006). Work factors and psychological distress in nurses' aides: a prospective cohort study. BioMed Central Public Health, 6(290), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471–2458–6–290
Finney, S. J., & DiStefano, C. (2006). Non–normal and categorical data in structural equation modeling. Structural Equation Modeling: A Second Course, 10(6), 269–314.
Fischer, J., Kumar, S., & Hatcher, S. (2007). What makes psychiatry such a stressful profession? Australasian Psychiatry, 5, 417–421. https://doi.org/10.1080/10398560701439699
Galjak, M. (2018). Profesionalni stres zdravstvenih radnika sa različitim karakteristikama stresnog opterećenja. (Neobjavljena doktorska disertacija). Medicinski fakultet, Univerzitet u Kosovskoj Mitrovici, Kosovska Mitrovica.
Goehring, C., Gallacchi, M.B., Kunzi, B., & Bovier, P. (2005). Psychosocial and professional characteristics of burnout in Swiss primary care practitioners: a cross sectional survey. Swiss Medical Weekly, 135, 101–108. https://doi.org/ 2005/07/smw–10841
Healy, S., & Tyrell, M. (2011). Stress in emergency departments: experiences of nurses and doctors. Emergency Nurse, 19(4), 31–37. https://doi.org/ 10.7748/en2011.07.19.4.31.c8611
Hongxia, G., Chunping, Ni., Changqing, L., Jiping, L. & Suzhen, L. (2019). Perceived job stress among community nurses: A multi‐center cross‐sectional study. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 25 (1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12703
Jamal, M., & Baba, V. (2014). Job Stress and Burnout Among Canadian Managers and Nurses: An Empirical Examination. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 91(6), 454–458. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/BF03404828
Jenkins, R. & Elliott, P. (2004). Stressors, burnout and social support: Nurses in acute mental health settings. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 48(6), 622–631. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365–2648.2004.03240.x
Johnson, S., Cooper, C., Cartwright, S., Donald, I., Taylor, P., & Millet, C. (2005). The experience of work–related stress across ocupations. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 20(2), 178–187. https://doi.org/ 10.1108/02683940510579803
Karasek, R., Baker, D., Marcel, F., Ahlbom, A., & Theorell, T. (1981). Job decision atitude, job demands, and cardiovascular disease: A prospective study of Swedish men. American Journal of Public Health, 71(7), 694–705. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.71.7.694
Klikovac, T. (2008). Profesionalni stres i sindrom izgaranja kod onkološkog medicinskog osoblja (Neobjavljen magistarski rad). Filozofski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu.
Knežević, B. (2010). Stres na radu i radna sposobnost zdravstvenih djelatnika u bolnicama. (Neobjavljena doktorska disertacija). Medicinski fakultet, Sveučilište u Zagrebu.
Koinis, A., Giannou, V., Drantaki, V., Angelaina, S., Stratou, E., & Saridi, M. (2015). The impact of healthcare workers job environment on their mental–emotional health. Coping strategies: the case of a local general hospital. Health Psychology Research, 3, 12–17. https://doi.org/ 10.4081/hpr.2015.1984
Kumar, S. (2007). Burnout in psychiatrists. World Psychiatry, 6, 186–189.
Kushal, A., Gupta, S.K., Mehta, M., & Singh., M.M. (2018). Study of Stress among Health Care Professionals: A Systemic Review. International Journal of Research Foundation of Hospital & Healthcare Administration, 6(1), 6–11. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp–journals–10035–1084
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