A Relationship between the Broader Autism Phenotype and empathy among students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19090/pp.v15i3.2381Ključne reči:
Širi autistički fenotip, empatija, empatijska zabrinutost, zauzimanje perspektive druge osobe, lični stresApstrakt
Prethodna istraživanja su pokazala da osobe sa višim nivoom širokog autističnog fenotipa (BAP) doživljavaju deficite u oblasti empatije. Cilj ove studije je da se istraži multivarijantni odnos između BAP i različitih aspekata empatije. Na uzorku od 293 studenta, ispitan je odnos između BAP i sledećih aspekata empatije: fantazija, empatijska zabrinutost, zauzimanje perspektive druge osobe i lični stres. Nivo BAP je procenjen korišćenjem Upitnika šireg autističkog fenotipa (The Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire ̶ BAPQ), a Indeks interpersonalne reaktivnosti (Interpersonal Reactivity Index ̶ IRI) je korišćen za višedimenzionalnu procenu dispozicije empatije. Analiza kanoničke korelacije dala je dve funkcije (Funkcija 1 Rc2 = 17,31%, Funkcija 2 Rc2 = 10,82%). U funkciji 1, IRI podskale Lični stres (PD) (rs = 0,92) i Zauzimanje perspektive druge osobe (PT) (rs = -0,39) su značajno povezane sa sva tri domena BAP. Najvišu korelaciju PD i PT pokazuju sa domenima BAP-a Rigidnost i Pragmatika, dok pokazuju slabiju povezanost sa domenom Otuđenost. U funkciji 2, IRI podskale Empatijska zabrinutost (EC) (rs = -0,98), Fantazija (FS) (rs = -0,46), PT (rs = -0,43) i PD (rs = -0,31) su povezane sa domenom BAP Otuđenost. Rezultati impliciraju da se odnos između BAP-a i empatije razlikuje za različite aspekte ova dva konstrukta. Detaljnije razumevanje odnosa BAP i empatije dobijeno multivarijantnim pristupom daje osnovu za kreiranje programa za efikasnije unapređenje veština empatije.
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