EVALUACIJA TAČNOSTI PROCENA LIČNOSTI NA OSNOVU PISANE VERBALNE PRODUKCIJE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19090/pp.2020.3.333-348Ključne reči:
crte ličnosti, pisana verbalna produkcija, procena ličnosti, tačnostApstrakt
Proces procene ličnosti javlja se u svakodnevnim socijalnim interakcijama i predstavlja pokušaj identifikovanja karakteristika tuđe ličnosti i na taj način objašnjavanja prošlog i predviđanja budućeg ponašanja. Rezultati ovog procesa imaju implikacije na buduće odluke i postupke ljudi. Ovo istraživanje imalo je za cilj da ispita tačnost laičkih procena ekstraverzije i savesnosti na osnovu kratkih pisanih tekstova. Uzorak je činilo 215 ispitanika (Mstarost = 28.58, SD = 10.30; 80.5% žena). Eksluzioni kriterijum bio je da su ispitanici psiholozi ili studenti psihologije, tj. da su upoznati sa istraživanjima i taksonomijama iz oblasti ličnosti. Ispitanici su procenili ekstraverziju i savesnost, na osnovu tekstova pisanih od strane pet različitih pojedinaca. Kriterijumi koji su korišćeni za ispitivanje tačnosti procene bili su slaganje mera samoprocene na HEXACO-PI-R-u ljudi koji su pisali tekstove i procena ispitanika, kao i slaganje između više procenjivača. Rezultati su pokazali da postoji umereno slaganje između procene od strane ispitanika i samoprocene autora tekstova u proceni ekstraverzije i savesnosti. Takođe, rezultati su pokazali da postoji visoko slaganje između procenjivača za ekstraverziju i savesnost. Ova studija ukazuje na to da je moguće proceniti nečiju ličnost na osnovu pisane verbalne produkcije, kao i da procenjivači imaju tendenciju da iz pisanih tekstova formiraju slične utiske o ličnosti.
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Beer, A. (2013). Group personality judgments at zero acquaintance: Communication among judges versus aggregation of independent evaluations. Journal of Research in Personality, 47(4), 385–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2013.03.008
Beer, A., & Watson, D. (2008). Personality judgment at zero acquaintance: Agreement, assumed similarity, and implicit simplicity. Journal of Personality Assessment, 90(3), 250–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890701884970
Beer, A., & Watson, D. (2010). The effects of information and exposure on self-other agreement. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(1), 38–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2009.10.002
Bjekić, J. (2016). Stilističke i sadržinske karakteristike verbalne produkcije kao indikatori bazične ličnosti [The style and content of verbal production as indicators of basic personality structure]. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade.
Borkenau, P., Mosch, A., Tandler, N., & Wolf, A. (2016). Accuracy of judgments of personality based on textual information on major life domains. Journal of Personality, 84(2), 214–224. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12153
Čerović, S. L. (2018). Primena analize verbalne produkcije u selekcionom intervjuu [Application of verbal production analysis in the selection interview]. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade.
Christiansen, N. D., Wolcott-Burnam, S., Janovics, J. E., Burns, G. N., & Quirk, S. W. (2005). The good judge revisited: Individual differences in the accuracy of personality judgments. Human Performance, 18(2), 123–149. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327043hup1802_2
Connelly, B. S., & Ones, D. S. (2010). An other perspective on personality: Meta-analytic integration of observers' accuracy and predictive validity. Psychological Bulletin, 136(6), 1092–1122. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021212
Connolly, J. J., Kavanagh, E. J., & Viswesvaran, C. (2007). The convergent validity between self and observer ratings of personality: A meta‐analytic review. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 15(1), 110–117. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2389.2007.00371.x
Darbyshire, D., Kirk, C., Wall, H. J., & Kaye, L. K. (2016). Don't Judge a (Face) Book by its Cover: Exploring judgement accuracy of others' personality on Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 58, 380–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.01.021
Fast, L. A., & Funder, D. C. (2008). Personality as manifest in word use: correlations with self-report, acquaintance report, and behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(2), 334–346. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.94.2.334
Funder, D. C. (1995). On the accuracy of personality judgment: A realistic approach. Psychological Review, 102(4), 652–670. https://doi.org/0033-295X/95/S3.00
Funder, D. C. (2012). Accurate personality judgment. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21(3), 177–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412445309
Funder, D. C. (2015). The personality puzzle: Seventh international student edition. WW Norton & Company.
Funder, D. C. (Ed.). (1999). Personality judgment: A realistic approach to person perception. Elsevier.
Gill, A. J., Oberlander, J., & Austin, E. (2006). Rating e-mail personality at zero acquaintance. Personality and Individual Differences, 40(3), 497–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.06.027
Gosling, S. D., Ko, S. J., Mannarelli, T., & Morris, M. E. (2002). A room with a cue: Personality judgments based on offices and bedrooms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(3), 379–398. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.82.3.379
Hall, J. A., Back, M. D., Nestler, S., Frauendorfer, D., Schmid Mast, M., & Ruben, M. A. (2018). How do different ways of measuring individual differences in zero‐acquaintance personality judgment accuracy correlate with each other?. Journal of Personality, 86(2), 220–232. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12307
Hall, J. A., Gunnery, S. D., Letzring, T. D., Carney, D. R., & Colvin, C. R. (2017). Accuracy of judging affect and accuracy of judging personality: How and when are they related? Journal of Personality, 85(5), 583–592. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12262
Hirschmüller, S., Egloff, B., Nestler, S., & Back, M. D. (2013). The dual lens model: A comprehensive framework for understanding self–other agreement of personality judgments at zero acquaintance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104(2), 335–353. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030383
Hirsh, J. B., & Peterson, J. B. (2009). Personality and language use in self-narratives. Journal of Research in Personality, 43(3), 524–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2009.01.006
Holleran, S. E., & Mehl, M. R. (2008). Let me read your mind: Personality judgments based on a person’s natural stream of thought. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(3), 747–754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2007.07.011
IBM Corp. (2012). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. IBM Corp.
Ireland, M. E., & Mehl, M. R. (2014). Natural language use as a marker of personality. In T. Holtgraves (Ed.), Oxford handbook of language and social psychology (pp. 22–35). Oxford university press.
Koo, T. K., & Li, M. Y. (2016). A guideline of selecting and reporting Intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine,15(2), 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
Lee, C. H., Kim, K., Seo, Y. S., & Chung, C. K. (2007). The relations between personality and language use. The Journal of General Psychology, 134(4), 405–413. https://doi.org/10.3200/GENP.134.4.405-414
Lee, K., & Ashton, M. C. (2008). The HEXACO personality factors in the indigenous personality lexicons of English and 11 other languages. Journal of Personality, 76, 1001–1053. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00512.x
Letzring, T. D., & Funder, D. C. (2018). Interpersonal accuracy in trait judgments. In Zeigler-Hill, V. & Shackelford, T. K. (Eds.) The SAGE handbook of personality and individual differences: Volume III: Applications of personality and individual differences (pp. 253–282). SAGE.
Li, J., & Chignell, M. (2010). Birds of a feather: How personality influences blog writing and reading. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 68(9), 589–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2010.04.001
Mehl, M. R., Gosling, S. D., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2006). Personality in its natural habitat: Manifestations and implicit folk theories of personality in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90(5), 862–877. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.862
Pennebaker, J. W., & King, L. A. (1999). Linguistic styles: Language use as an individual difference. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6), 1296–1312. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.77.6.1296
Pennebaker, J. W., Mehl, M. R., & Niederhoffer, K. G. (2003). Psychological aspects of natural language use: Our words, our selves. Annual Review of Psychology, 54(1), 547–577. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145041
Perinetti, G. (2018). StaTips Part IV: Selection, interpretation and reporting of the intraclass correlation coefficient. South European Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Research, 5(1), 3–5. https://doi.org/10.5937/sejodr5-17434
Pretsch, J., Heckmann, N., Flunger, B., & Schmitt, M. (2014). Agree or Disagree?. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 30(1), 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000165
Shevlin, M., Walker, S., Davies, M. N., Banyard, P., & Lewis, C. A. (2003). Can you judge a book by its cover? Evidence of self–stranger agreement on personality at zero acquaintance. Personality and Individual Differences, 35(6), 1373–1383. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00356-2
Shrout, P. E., & Fleiss, J. L. (1979). Intraclass correlations: uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychological Bulletin, 86(2), 420–428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.2.420
Tskhay, K. O., & Rule, N. O. (2014). Perceptions of personality in text-based media and OSN: A meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 49, 25–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2013.12.004
Watson, D., Hubbard, B., & Wiese, D. (2000). Self–other agreement in personality and affectivity: The role of acquaintanceship, trait visibility, and assumed similarity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(3), 546–558. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.78.3.546
Witt, L. A. (2002). The interactive effects of extraversion and conscientiousness on performance. Journal of Management, 28(6), 835–851. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(02)00188-5
Wood, A. M., Brown, G. D., Maltby, J., & Watkinson, P. (2012). How are personality judgments made? A cognitive model of reference group effects, personality scale responses, and behavioral reactions. Journal of Personality, 80(5), 1275–1311. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2012.00763.x
Yarkoni, T. (2010). Personality in 100,000 words: A large-scale analysis of personality and word use among bloggers. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(3), 363–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2010.04.001
Back, M. D., & Nestler, S. (2016). Accuracy of judging personality. In J. A. Hall, M. Schmid Mast, & T. V. West (Eds.), The social psychology of perceiving others accurately (pp. 98–124). Cambridge University Press.
Beer, A. (2013). Group personality judgments at zero acquaintance: Communication among judges versus aggregation of independent evaluations. Journal of Research in Personality, 47(4), 385–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2013.03.008
Beer, A., & Watson, D. (2008). Personality judgment at zero acquaintance: Agreement, assumed similarity, and implicit simplicity. Journal of Personality Assessment, 90(3), 250–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890701884970
Beer, A., & Watson, D. (2010). The effects of information and exposure on self-other agreement. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(1), 38–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2009.10.002
Bjekić, J. (2016). Stilističke i sadržinske karakteristike verbalne produkcije kao indikatori bazične ličnosti [The style and content of verbal production as indicators of basic personality structure]. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade.
Borkenau, P., Mosch, A., Tandler, N., & Wolf, A. (2016). Accuracy of judgments of personality based on textual information on major life domains. Journal of Personality, 84(2), 214–224. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12153
Čerović, S. L. (2018). Primena analize verbalne produkcije u selekcionom intervjuu [Application of verbal production analysis in the selection interview]. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade.
Christiansen, N. D., Wolcott-Burnam, S., Janovics, J. E., Burns, G. N., & Quirk, S. W. (2005). The good judge revisited: Individual differences in the accuracy of personality judgments. Human Performance, 18(2), 123–149. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327043hup1802_2
Connelly, B. S., & Ones, D. S. (2010). An other perspective on personality: Meta-analytic integration of observers' accuracy and predictive validity. Psychological Bulletin, 136(6), 1092–1122. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021212
Connolly, J. J., Kavanagh, E. J., & Viswesvaran, C. (2007). The convergent validity between self and observer ratings of personality: A meta‐analytic review. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 15(1), 110–117. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2389.2007.00371.x
Darbyshire, D., Kirk, C., Wall, H. J., & Kaye, L. K. (2016). Don't Judge a (Face) Book by its Cover: Exploring judgement accuracy of others' personality on Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 58, 380–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.01.021
Fast, L. A., & Funder, D. C. (2008). Personality as manifest in word use: correlations with self-report, acquaintance report, and behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(2), 334–346. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.94.2.334
Funder, D. C. (1995). On the accuracy of personality judgment: A realistic approach. Psychological Review, 102(4), 652–670. https://doi.org/0033-295X/95/S3.00
Funder, D. C. (2012). Accurate personality judgment. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21(3), 177–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412445309
Funder, D. C. (2015). The personality puzzle: Seventh international student edition. WW Norton & Company.
Funder, D. C. (Ed.). (1999). Personality judgment: A realistic approach to person perception. Elsevier.
Gill, A. J., Oberlander, J., & Austin, E. (2006). Rating e-mail personality at zero acquaintance. Personality and Individual Differences, 40(3), 497–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.06.027
Gosling, S. D., Ko, S. J., Mannarelli, T., & Morris, M. E. (2002). A room with a cue: Personality judgments based on offices and bedrooms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(3), 379–398. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.82.3.379
Hall, J. A., Back, M. D., Nestler, S., Frauendorfer, D., Schmid Mast, M., & Ruben, M. A. (2018). How do different ways of measuring individual differences in zero‐acquaintance personality judgment accuracy correlate with each other?. Journal of Personality, 86(2), 220–232. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12307
Hall, J. A., Gunnery, S. D., Letzring, T. D., Carney, D. R., & Colvin, C. R. (2017). Accuracy of judging affect and accuracy of judging personality: How and when are they related? Journal of Personality, 85(5), 583–592. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12262
Hirschmüller, S., Egloff, B., Nestler, S., & Back, M. D. (2013). The dual lens model: A comprehensive framework for understanding self–other agreement of personality judgments at zero acquaintance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104(2), 335–353. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030383
Hirsh, J. B., & Peterson, J. B. (2009). Personality and language use in self-narratives. Journal of Research in Personality, 43(3), 524–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2009.01.006
Holleran, S. E., & Mehl, M. R. (2008). Let me read your mind: Personality judgments based on a person’s natural stream of thought. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(3), 747–754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2007.07.011
IBM Corp. (2012). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. IBM Corp.
Ireland, M. E., & Mehl, M. R. (2014). Natural language use as a marker of personality. In T. Holtgraves (Ed.), Oxford handbook of language and social psychology (pp. 22–35). Oxford university press.
Koo, T. K., & Li, M. Y. (2016). A guideline of selecting and reporting Intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine,15(2), 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
Lee, C. H., Kim, K., Seo, Y. S., & Chung, C. K. (2007). The relations between personality and language use. The Journal of General Psychology, 134(4), 405–413. https://doi.org/10.3200/GENP.134.4.405-414
Lee, K., & Ashton, M. C. (2008). The HEXACO personality factors in the indigenous personality lexicons of English and 11 other languages. Journal of Personality, 76, 1001–1053. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00512.x
Letzring, T. D., & Funder, D. C. (2018). Interpersonal accuracy in trait judgments. In Zeigler-Hill, V. & Shackelford, T. K. (Eds.) The SAGE handbook of personality and individual differences: Volume III: Applications of personality and individual differences (pp. 253–282). SAGE.
Li, J., & Chignell, M. (2010). Birds of a feather: How personality influences blog writing and reading. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 68(9), 589–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2010.04.001
Mehl, M. R., Gosling, S. D., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2006). Personality in its natural habitat: Manifestations and implicit folk theories of personality in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90(5), 862–877. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.862
Pennebaker, J. W., & King, L. A. (1999). Linguistic styles: Language use as an individual difference. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6), 1296–1312. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.77.6.1296
Pennebaker, J. W., Mehl, M. R., & Niederhoffer, K. G. (2003). Psychological aspects of natural language use: Our words, our selves. Annual Review of Psychology, 54(1), 547–577. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145041
Perinetti, G. (2018). StaTips Part IV: Selection, interpretation and reporting of the intraclass correlation coefficient. South European Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Research, 5(1), 3–5. https://doi.org/10.5937/sejodr5-17434
Pretsch, J., Heckmann, N., Flunger, B., & Schmitt, M. (2014). Agree or Disagree?. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 30(1), 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000165
Shevlin, M., Walker, S., Davies, M. N., Banyard, P., & Lewis, C. A. (2003). Can you judge a book by its cover? Evidence of self–stranger agreement on personality at zero acquaintance. Personality and Individual Differences, 35(6), 1373–1383. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00356-2
Shrout, P. E., & Fleiss, J. L. (1979). Intraclass correlations: uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychological Bulletin, 86(2), 420–428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.2.420
Tskhay, K. O., & Rule, N. O. (2014). Perceptions of personality in text-based media and OSN: A meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 49, 25–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2013.12.004
Watson, D., Hubbard, B., & Wiese, D. (2000). Self–other agreement in personality and affectivity: The role of acquaintanceship, trait visibility, and assumed similarity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(3), 546–558. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.78.3.546
Witt, L. A. (2002). The interactive effects of extraversion and conscientiousness on performance. Journal of Management, 28(6), 835–851. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(02)00188-5
Wood, A. M., Brown, G. D., Maltby, J., & Watkinson, P. (2012). How are personality judgments made? A cognitive model of reference group effects, personality scale responses, and behavioral reactions. Journal of Personality, 80(5), 1275–1311. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2012.00763.x
Yarkoni, T. (2010). Personality in 100,000 words: A large-scale analysis of personality and word use among bloggers. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(3), 363–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2010.04.001
