DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SERBIAN LIFE EVENTS CHECK-LIST – STUDENT FORM (SLEC-SF)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19090/pp.2017.1.119-140Keywords:
life events check-list, stress, students, convergent validity, predictive validityAbstract
The main goal of the present research was to examine the predictive and convergent validity of the newly developed Serbian Life Events Check-list – Student Form (SLEF-SF; Gavrilov-Jerković, Žuljević, Jovanović i Brdarić, 2012). The SLEC-SF consists of 54 life events, experienced over a 6-month period. Participants rate the valence (positive or negative) and intensity of each event. Data from four waves of an 18-month longitudinal study were used in the present research (the sample size ranges from 787 to 1061 undergraduate students). The average number of total life events reported by participants over a 6-month period was in a range between 3.91 and 4.78, with negative life events being more frequent (range between 2.89 and 3.61). The relationship between the total number of negative life events and subjective well-being indicators was stronger when measured at the same point in time, as compared with the prospective relationships. In addition, the relationship between dependent stressful life events and subjective well-being was stronger than the relationship between independent stressful life events and subjective well-being when measured cross-sectionally, but not when measured prospectively. The advantages and limitations of the scale, as well as the recommendations for future research were discussed in the paper.Metrics
References
Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Finkenauer, C., & Vohs, K. D. (2001). Bad is stronger than good. Review of General Psychology, 5(4), 323–370. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.5.4.323
Brand, A. H., & Johnson, J. H. (1982). Note on reliability of the Life Events Checklist. Psychological Reports, 50(3c), 1274–1274. doi:10.2466/pr0.1982.50.3c.1274
Burnett, P. C., & Fanshawe, J. P. (1997). Measuring school-related stressor in adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 26, 415–428. doi:10.1023/A:1024529321194
Cheng, C. (1997). Assessment of major life events for Hong Kong adolescents: The Chinese Life Event Scale. American Journal of Community Psychology, 25, 17–33. doi:10.1023/A:1024641723920
Cleary, P. J. (1980). A checklist for life event research. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 24(3), 199–207. doi:10.1016/0022-3999(80)90042-2
Cohen, L. H., & Park, C. (1992). Life stress in children and adolescents: An overview of conceptual and methodological issues. In A. M. La Graca, L. J. Siegel, J. L. Wallander, & C. E. Walker (Eds.), Stress and coping in child health (pp. 25–43). New York: Guilford.
Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C., & Gordon, L. U. (Eds.). (1997). Measuring stress: A guide for health and social scientists. New York: Oxford University Press.
Compas, B. E. (1987). Stress and life events during childhood and adolescence. Clinical Psychology Review, 7, 275–302. doi:10.1016/0272-7358(87)90037-7
Contrada, R. J., & Baum, A. (2011). Handbook of stress science: Psychology, biology, and health. New York: Springer.
Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction With Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71–75. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13
Dohrenwend, B. P. (2006). Inventorying stressful life events as risk factors for psychopathology: Toward resolution of the problem of intracategory variability. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 477–495. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.477
Dohrenwend, B. S. (1973). Life events as stressors: A methodological inquiry. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 14, 167–175. doi:10.2307/2137066
Fisher, P. A., Fagot, B. I., & Leve, C. S. (1998). Assessment of family stress across low-, medium-, and high-risk samples using the family events checklist. Family Relations, 47, 215–219. doi:10.2307/584969
Gavrilov-Jerković, V., Žuljević, D., Jovanović, V. i Brdarić, D. (2012). Ček lista životnih događaja (Neobjavljeni manuskript). Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Novi Sad.
Giuliano, P. (2007). Living arrangements in western europe: Does cultural origin matter?. Journal of the European Economic Association, 5(5), 927–952. doi:10.1162/JEEA.2007.5.5.927
Gove, W. R., & Herb, T. R. (1974). Stress and mental illness among the young: A comparison of the sexes. Social Forces, 53(2), 256–265. doi:10.1093/sf/53.2.256
Grant, I., Gerst, M., & Yager, J. (1976). Scaling of life events by psychiatric patients and normals. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 20(2), 141–149. doi:10.1016/0022-3999(76)90041-6
Grant, K. E., Compas, B. E., Thurm, A. E., McMahon, S. D., & Gipson, P. Y. (2004). Stressors and child and adolescent psychopathology: Measurement issues and prospective effects. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33(2), 412–425. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3302_23
Grant, K. E., McMahon, S. D., Duffy, S. N., Taylor, J. J., Compas, B. E., & Contrada, R. J. (2011). Stressors and mental health problems in childhood and adolescence. In A. Baum (Ed.), The handbook of strss science: Biology, psychology, and health (pp. 359–372). New York: Springer.
Hammen, C. (2005). Stress and depression. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1, 293–319. doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143938
Hammen, C., & Brennan, P. A. (2001). Depressed adolescents of depressed and nondepressed mothers: Tests of an interpersonal impairment hypothesis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 284–294. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.69.2.284
Hurst, M. W. (1979). Life changes and psychiatric symptom development: Issues of content, scoring, and clustering. In J. E. Barret, R. M. Rose, & G. L. Klerman (Eds.), Stress and mental disorders (pp. 17–36). New York: Raven Press.
Jovanović, V., & Gavrilov-Jerković, V. (2015). The structure of adolescent affective well-being: The case of the PANAS among Serbian adolescents. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17, 2097–2117. doi:10.1007/s10902-015-9687-8
Jovanović, V., Gavrilov-Jerković, V., Žuljević, D. i Brdarić, D. (2014). Psihometrijska evaluacija Skale depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa-21 (DASS-21) na uzorku studenata u Srbiji. Psihologija, 47, 93–112. doi: 10.2298/PSI1401093J
Jovanović, V., Joshanloo, M., Đunda, D., & Bakhshi, A. (in press). Gender differences in the relationship between domain-specific and general life satisfaction: A study in Iran and Serbia. Applied Research in Quality of Life. doi:10.1007/s11482-016-9461-z
Kasl, S. V. (1984). Stress and health. Annual Review of Public Health, 5(1), 319–341. doi:10.1146/annurev.pu.05.050184.001535
Kendler, K. S., Karkowski, L. M., & Prescott, C. A. (1999). Causal relationship between stressful life events and the onset of major depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 29, 539–553. doi:10.1176/ajp.156.6.837
Ladewig, J. (2000). Chronic intermittent stress: a model for the study of long-term stressors. In G. P. Moberg & J. A. Mench (Eds.), Basic Principles and Implications for Animal Welfare (pp. 159–169). Wallingfors: CABI Publishing. doi:10.1079/9780851993591.0159
Lazarus, R. S., & Cohen, J. B. (1977). Environmental stress. In I. Altman, & J. F. Wohlwill (Eds.), Human behavior and the environment: Current theory and research (pp. 89–127). New York: Plenum. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-0808-9_3
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer publishing company.
Lazić, M., Jerković, V. G. i Jovanović, V. (2015). Rano negativno iskustvo kao regulator reaktivnosti na stres. Primenjena psihologija, 8(2), 167–186.
Lewinsohn, P. M., Rohde, P., & Gau, J. M. (2003). Comparability of self-report checklist and interview data in the assessment of stressful life events in young adults. Psychological Reports, 93(2), 459–471. doi:10.2466/pr0.2003.93.2.459
Liu, R. T., & Alloy, L. B. (2010). Stress generation in depression: A systematic review of the empirical literature and recommendations for future study. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 582–593. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.04.010
Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 335–343. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-U
Luhmann, M., Hofmann, W., Eid, M., & Lucas, R. E. (2012). Subjective well-being and adaptation to life events: A meta-analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(3), 592–615. doi:10.1037/a0025948
Lupien, S. J., McEwen, B. S., Gunnar, M. R., & Heim, C. (2009). Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 10(6), 434–445. doi:10.1038/nrn2639
Masuda, M., & Holmes, T. H. (1978). Life events: Perceptions and frequencies. Psychosomatic Medicine, 40(3), 236–261. doi:10.1097/00006842-197805000-00006
Mihić, L., Novović, Z., Čolović, P., & Smederevac, S. (2014). Serbian adaptation of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS): Its facets and second-order structure. Psihologija, 47, 393–414. doi:10.2298/PSI1404393M
Monroe, S. M. (1982). Life events assessment: Current practices, emerging trends. Clinical Psychology Review, 2, 435–453. doi:10.1016/0272-7358(82)90023-X
Proctor, C., Linley, P. A., & Maltby, J. (2010). Very happy youths: Benefits of very high life satisfaction among adolescents. Social Indicators Research, 98(3), 519–532. doi:10.1007/s11205-009-9562-2
Rabkin, J. G., & Struening, E. L. (1976). Life events, stress, and illness. Science, 194, 1013–1020. doi:10.1126/science.790570
Raphael, K. G., Cloitre, M., & Dohrenwend, B. P. (1991). Problems of recall and misclassification with checklist methods of measuring stressful life events. Health Psychology, 10(1), 62–74. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.10.1.62
Rice, P. L. (1999). Stress and health. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing.
Sarason, I. G., Johnson, J. H., & Siegel, J. M. (1978). Assessing the impact of life changes: development of the Life Experiences Survey. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46(5), 932–946. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.46.5.932
Selye, H. (1974). Stress without distress. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Steiger, J. H. (1980). Tests for comparing elements of a correlation matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 87, 245–251. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.87.2.245
Swearingen, E. M., & Cohen, L. H. (1985). Measurement of adolescent life events: The Junior High School Life Experiences Survey. American Journal of Community Psychology, 13, 69–85. doi:10.1007/BF00923260
Tolor, A., Murphy, V. M., Wilson, L. T., & Clayton, J. (1983). The High School Social Readjustment Scale: An attempt to quantify stressful events in young people. Research Communications in Psychology, Psychiatry, and Behavior, 8, 85–111.
Tomanović, S., & Ignjatović, S. (2006). The transition of young people in a transitional society: The case of Serbia. Journal of Youth Studies, 9(3), 269–285. doi:10.1080/13676260600805648
Watson, D., & Walker, L. M. (1996). The long-term stability and predictive validity of trait measures of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(3), 567–577. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.70.3.567
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
Yeaworth, R. C., York, J., Hussey, M. A., Ingle, M. E., & Goodwin, T. (1980). The development of an adolescent life change event scale. Adolescence, 15, 91–97.
Zautra, A. J., & Reich, J. W. (1983). Life events and perceptions of life quality: Developments in a two-factor approach. Journal of Community Psychology, 11(2), 121–132. doi:10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<121::AID-JCOP2290110206>3.0.CO;2-V
Zimmerman, M., Pfohl, B., & Stangl, D. (1986). Life events assessment of depressed patients: A comparison of self-report and interview formats. Journal of Human Stress, 12(1), 13–19. doi:10.1080/0097840X.1986.9936761
Zuckerman, L. A., Oliver, J. M., Hollingsworth, H. H., & Austrin, H. R. (1986). A comparison of life events scoring methods as predictors of psychological symptomatology. Journal of Human Stress, 12(2), 64–70. doi:10.1080/0097840X.1986.9936769
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
